salula

Manhajar Tsarin Sadarwar Wayar Salula Yanayin sadarwar wayar salula ya dauki zamunna kashi-kashi har hudu; tun daga farkon samuwar wayar salula zuwa yanzu. Kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata a sashin “Asali da Samuwar Wayar Salula” a duniya, tsarin sadarwar wayar salula a farko ya takaita ne da siginar rediyo da ke samuwa a tsakanin wayoyin biyu; da mai kira da mai karba kira. Kamar yadda masu karatu suka karanta a makon jiya, wannan tsari ya samu inganci daga baya, lokacin da wasu Injiniyoyi biyu ‘yan kasar Rasha (D.G. Shapiro da Zaharchenko) suka zo da bincikensu kan tsarin sadarwar wayar salula ta hanyar jonuwa da tashar sadarwa ta kasa, a shekarar 1946. Wannan shine asalin tsarin sadarwar da wayoyin salula ke amfani dashi a wannan zamani, duk kuwa da cewa ba a dabbaka sakamakon wannan bincike nasu a wancan lokaci ba nan take. Kasancewar wannan tsari ya takaita ne da iya inda tsarin sadarwar da mai amfani da wayar yake, hakan ya haifar da matsala, inda daga baya aka samu wani bincike da ya samar da tsarin sadarwa gamamme; daga wannan kadadar sadarwa zuwa wancan. Wannan tsari, wanda Mr. Amos Joel Jnr ya kirkira, shine ake kira “Call Handoff”, kuma da wannan tsari ne muke iya amsa kira daga wannan gari zuwa wancan; daga wannan tashar sadarwa zuwa wancan; ba tare da kiran ya yanke ba. A takaice dai, wannan tsari ne aka ta ingantawa har zuwa yau. Kuma wannan tsawon lokaci da aka dauka ana amfani da wadancan tsare-tsare na sadarwa, shi ake kira Cellular Network Generation; watau “Marhalar Tsarin Sadarwar Wayar Salula.” A kan haka zamu yi Magana yau. Sai a kasance tare damu. Marhalar Asali da Samuwa (Zero Generation ko “0G”) Wannan ita ce “marhala” ko “zamanin” da aka samar da wayar salula da kuma yanayin sadarwan da take amfani dashi don hada kira a tsakanin mutane ko al’umma. A wannan zamani ne har wa yau, aka samu kamfanoni irinsu Motorola da Ericsson suka kirkiri nau’ukan wayoyin salula masu amfani da siginar rediyo don hada sadarwa a lokuta dabam-daban. Bayan samuwar wadannan wayoyin salula, wani abinda ya dada inganta tsarin sadarwa a zamanin ko marhalar, shine binciken ilimi da aka samu daga masana ko injiniyoyin kasashen Amurka da Rasha da sauran kasashe. A wannan zamani, tsarin sadarwa a tsakanin wayoyin salula ya ta’allaka ne da irin tsarin da kowace kasa ko kamfanin sadarwa ya zaba; babu wani tsari gamamme. Sanannen tsarin da yafi shahara shine tsarin sadarwar da kamfanin AT&T da ke kasar Amurka yayi amfani dashi daga shekarar 1971 har zuwa shekarar 1989, mai suna “Advanced Mobile Phone Service” (AMPS). Sai kuma wanda kasar Finland ta samar mai suna “ARP”, cikin shekarar 1971. Kowanne daga cikin wadannan tsarin sadarwa na wayar salula na amfani ne da tsarin Analog don tantance bayanan da ake aika su daga waya zuwa waya. Har wa yau, wannan tsari ya kumshi aikawa da karban sakonnnin murya ne kadai; babu rubutacciyar sakon tes. Dukkan wannan kuma ya faru ne daga shekarar 1911, zuwa 1946, inda zamanin ya tike a shekarar 1982. Wannan, a taiakce, ita ce marhalar gimshiki da shimfida a tarihin rayuwar wayar salula da tsarin sadarwa ta wayar iska. Wannan tsarin sadarwa, fannin sadarwa ta zamani ana kiran ta: Zero Generation Cellular Network. (Zan ci gaba)

• Tweet
• Share
• Share
• Share
• Share